An accident can cause not only physical damage but also profound psychological problems. From anxiety disorders to PTSD, psychological injury is recognised as a valid reason for compensation in Leiden and surrounding areas.
Types of Psychological Injury
Psychological complaints after an accident can manifest in various ways, depending on the impact of the incident.
Common Diagnoses
| Diagnosis | Symptoms | Incidence after Accident |
|---|---|---|
| PTSD | Re-experiencing, avoidance, heightened alertness | 10-30% in severe accidents |
| Depression | Low mood, disinterest, feeling of emptiness | 20-40% with serious injuries |
| Anxiety Disorders | Phobias, panic attacks | 15-25% |
| Adjustment Disorders | Short-term stress response to trauma | 30-50% |
| Chronic Pain Disorder | Psychological impact of pain | Varies |
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
PTSD is a common disorder following traumatic experiences such as accidents.
Core Symptoms
Re-experiencing
- Recurrent nightmares about the incident
- Flashbacks with sensory memories
- Intense emotions upon triggers
- Physical reactions to memories
Avoidance
- Avoiding thoughts about the accident
- Avoiding similar situations
- Fear of driving after a traffic accident
- Emotional numbing
Heightened Alertness
- Insomnia
- Excessive startle reactions
- Irritability and anger
- Difficulty concentrating
- Constantly on guard
Diagnostic Process
Establishing psychological injury is done by a qualified psychiatrist or psychologist, often in collaboration with institutions in Leiden.
Methods Used
- Psychiatric Evaluation: In-depth discussion with a specialist
- Psychological Tests: Specific questionnaires and assessments
- DSM-5 Guidelines: Standard for diagnostics
- Recognised Instruments: CAPS, BDI and BAI questionnaires
Treatment Methods
With the right approach, psychological complaints after an accident can be effectively treated.
Possible Therapies
| Therapy | Indication | Results |
|---|---|---|
| EMDR | Trauma and PTSD | Very successful |
| Cognitive Behavioural Therapy | Broad application | Well-supported |
| Exposure Therapy | Anxiety and PTSD | Positive outcomes |
| Medication (SSRI) | Depression, PTSD | Supportive role |
| Intensive Care | Complex cases | For persistent complaints |
Legal Context in Leiden
In personal injury law, psychological injury is recognised as a claimable head of damage, also at the District Court of The Hague, Leiden location.
Criteria for Compensation
- Direct connection to the accident
- Official diagnosis according to DSM criteria
- Confirmation by a psychiatrist
- No alternative cause for complaints
Common Disputes
Prior Vulnerability
A pre-existing vulnerability to psychological problems does not detract from liability. The rule 'take the victim as you find them' also applies in Leiden.
Objectivity of Complaints
Although insurers sometimes claim that psychological complaints are subjective, a DSM diagnosis is accepted as objective evidence.
Claimable Compensations
Various costs and losses due to psychological injury can be claimed.
Overview of Heads of Damage
| Head of Damage | Estimated Amounts |
|---|---|
| Pain and Suffering PTSD | €5,000 - €50,000 |
| Pain and Suffering Depression | €5,000 - €40,000 |
| Treatment Costs | Treatment and medication |
| Loss of Income | In case of inability to work |
| Home Support | In case of significant limitations |
Practical Advice
- Seek help quickly for psychological problems after an accident
- Have an official diagnosis made by a specialist
- Keep a diary of complaints and limitations
- Follow prescribed treatments to strengthen your case
- Know that psychological injury weighs as heavily as physical injury
Help in Leiden
For legal support, you can go to the Juridisch Loket Leiden, located at Stationsweg 46. In addition, the District Court of The Hague, Leiden location, handles cases regarding personal injury and compensation.